This paper investigates the ongoing transformation of global value chains (GVCs), focusing on nearshoring and re-shoring in emerging markets. By examining the reconfiguration of production networks across Asia and Europe, the study seeks to identify the leading actors and regional production hubs driving these changes. We combine input-output analysis with network-based methodologies to map key players and characterize the structural features of GVCs within and across world regions. Our analytical framework integrates several methodological tools: Markov chain models to trace transitions in trade flows over time; community detection techniques applied to the World Input-Output Network; value-added trade decomposition using TiVA data; and the Pass-Through Frequency approach. Through this multidimensional approach, the paper aims to shed light on the structure of intra-regional value-added flows and the evolving strategic roles of countries within global production systems.

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